Understanding Autism through Indigenous Perspectives: Embracing Spirituality and Dual Existence

Autism is often viewed through medical or psychological lenses, focusing on diagnosis and treatment. Yet, Indigenous cultures offer a different, profound understanding. Many Indigenous peoples see autistic individuals not just as humans but as beings with a strong spiritual presence, walking between two worlds. This perspective invites us to rethink autism beyond clinical terms and appreciate the unique ways autistic people experience life and spirit.

An Indigenous forest path symbolizing the journey between two worlds

Autism as a Spiritual Journey from Indigenous perspectives

In many Indigenous traditions, autism is not seen as a disorder but as a sign of a special connection to the spirit world. Autistic people are often described as having a foot in both the physical and spiritual realms. This dual existence means they can perceive and interact with the world differently, sometimes sensing things others cannot.

For example, some Indigenous communities believe that autistic individuals carry messages from ancestors or spirits. Their unique ways of communicating and behaving are respected as expressions of this spiritual role. This contrasts with mainstream views that often focus on challenges rather than gifts.

Walking in Both Worlds

The idea of "walking in both worlds" reflects how autistic people navigate life. They may struggle with social norms or sensory overload in the physical world but find comfort and clarity in spiritual or natural settings. This duality can be a source of strength and insight.

Indigenous teachings encourage supporting autistic individuals by honoring their connection to both worlds. This means creating spaces where they can express themselves freely without forcing conformity to typical social expectations. It also means recognizing their potential as spiritual guides or healers.

Practical Ways to Support Autistic People in Indigenous Communities

Understanding autism through this lens calls for respectful and culturally sensitive approaches. Here are some ways Indigenous communities and allies can support autistic individuals:

• Listen deeply to their experiences and respect their ways of communication, whether verbal or nonverbal.

• Create inclusive environments that allow sensory needs to be met, such as quiet spaces or access to nature.

• Involve elders and spiritual leaders to help interpret and honor the spiritual aspects of autism.

• Celebrate unique talents and perspectives, recognizing autistic people as valuable members of the community.

• Avoid forcing assimilation into mainstream behaviors; instead, embrace diversity in expression and interaction.

  
  

Examples from Indigenous Cultures

Some Indigenous groups describe autistic individuals as "walking in two worlds," highlighting their ability to bridge the seen and unseen. As an Autistic person I too have always felt as though I have a foot in each world. Similarly, from my own experience I have heard first hand many Indigenous people commenting that autism is a gift that connects the individual to ancestral knowledge.

Some elders have shared stories of children who communicate with the spirit world in ways others cannot. These children are often nurtured with patience and respect, allowing their spiritual gifts to flourish.

These examples show that Indigenous perspectives offer a rich, respectful understanding of autism that values spirituality and difference.

Changing the Narrative Around Autism

By embracing Indigenous views, society can shift from seeing autism as a problem to be fixed toward recognizing it as a different way of being. This shift encourages acceptance and inclusion, reducing stigma and isolation.

It also invites non-Indigenous people to learn from Indigenous wisdom about the importance of spirituality, connection to nature, and honoring diverse ways of experiencing the world.

Moving Forward with Respect and Understanding

Supporting autistic individuals means more than medical treatment; it involves honoring their whole being, including spiritual dimensions. Indigenous perspectives remind us that autistic people often carry deep wisdom and walk a path that bridges worlds.

Communities can benefit from listening to these perspectives and creating spaces where autistic people feel valued and understood. This approach fosters stronger connections and enriches everyone’s experience.

Autism is not just a condition; it is a unique way of being that deserves respect and celebration. Recognizing the spiritual and dual existence of autistic people opens the door to greater empathy and inclusion.